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INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF

CancerGenetics

• Engineering the Gut Microbiome for Targeted Cancer Therapies

• Mohammad Sajedi Nasab,^1,* Mitra Ghasemi,²
  1. Islamic Azad University
  2. Islamic Azad University
  
  
  
• Introduction: The human microbiome, a complex and dynamic ecosystem of microorganisms, is decreasingly honored for its profound influence on health, disease pathogenesis, and the efficacy and toxicity of cancer treatments. Traditional approaches to modulating the microbiome, similar as the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT), have shown remedial eventuality, yet frequently warrant the perfection demanded for robust, targeted clinical operation. This abstract reviews the rearmost advancements in the field, highlighting a paradigm shift from broad modulation to deliberate engineering of microbial communities for safer and further effective cancer curatives.
• Methods: A key development is the distinction between the systemic effects of the gut microbiome and the localized influence of the intratumoral microbiome (TM), a unique microbial ecosystem within tumor tissue. Researchers are leveraging synthetic biology to create "programmable drugs" by genetically engineering bacteria. For instance, Salmonella typhimurium can be modified to act as "Trojan horses," homing to hypoxic, nutrient-rich tumor environments and delivering therapeutic loads such as oncolytic viruses directly into cancer cells. Built-in safety mechanisms, including “synthetic dependence,” ensure viral replication only in tumor-associated contexts, improving the safety of live biotherapeutics.
• Results: Beyond microbial species,multi-omics analyses emphasize the significance of microbial-deduced metabolites in modulating treatment response. For illustration, phenylacetylglutamine( PAGln) has been identified as negatively correlated with patient responses toanti-PD-1/ PD- L1 immunotherapy, suggesting new remedial targets for individualized drug. Engineered strategies are also being developed to overcome physicochemical walls in the gastrointestinal tract, enhance drug bioavailability, and alleviate side goods of conventional chemotherapy and immunotherapy. inclusively, these findings reveal the eventuality of microbiome engineering to optimize treatment issues and attack remedial resistance across colorful cancer types.
• Conclusion: The deliberate engineering of the microbiome, combined with a deeper understanding of microbial metabolites, represents a transformative frontier in cancer therapy. This integrated approach offers a new generation of precise, targeted, and safer treatments, paving the way for innovative strategies in oncology that can overcome current limitations in efficacy, safety, and resistance.
• Keywords: Engineered microbiome Synthetic biology Intratumoral microbiome (TM) Cancer immunotherapy