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INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF

CancerGenetics

• Genetic Alterations in K-RAS, N-RAS, and BRAF Oncogenes in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Frequency Analysis

• Mohammad Reza Ahmadi,^1,* Abbas Eshraghi,² Mohammad Sadegh Ghasemi,³ Jamshid Vafaeimanesh,⁴ Mohammad Sina Mirjani,⁵ Mostafa Vahedian,⁶
  1. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  3. Clinical Research of Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  4. Professor of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences
  5. Student Research Committee, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  6. Associate Professor of Epidemiology, Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  
  
  
• Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major contributor to cancer-related deaths and is marked by genetic alterations, especially in the RAS and BRAF oncogenes, which influence treatment outcomes and prognosis. This study examined the prevalence of K-RAS, N-RAS, and BRAF mutations and their correlation with one-year survival rates in patients with metastatic CRC.
• Methods: This cross-sectional research involved 83 patients with metastatic CRC from the oncology department of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Qom. Data on demographics and clinical characteristics, including mutation status, were gathered. The one-year survival of patients was evaluated.
• Results: The average age of the patients was 54.87 ± 12.78 years. Among the 83 patients, 53 (64.6%) were male and 30 (35.4%) were female. Rectal cancers were the most common, accounting for 42.2%. The mutation rates were 47% for K-RAS, 14.5% for N-RAS, and 6% for BRAF. The one-year survival rates were 59%, 75%, and 40% for K-RAS, N-RAS, and BRAF mutations, respectively (p0.05).
• Conclusion: BRAF mutations were notably linked to patients under 50 years of age (p=0.029), indicating a possible effect on the age of diagnosis in metastatic CRC. However, no significant relationships were found between BRAF mutations and other variables. Furthermore, K-RAS and N-RAS mutations did not demonstrate significant associations with demographic factors or survival outcomes.
• Keywords: metastatic colorectal cancer, KRAS mutation, NRAS mutation, BRAF mutation