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INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF

CancerGenetics

• The impact of the gut microbiome on the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy

• Sanaz Akbari,^1,* Sara Najjar Noghabi ,² Mahla Sirjani,³
  1. Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
  2. Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad
  3. Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad
  
  
  
• Introduction: Introduction The gut microbiome is known to be a critical factor in regulating immune responses and influencing the efficacy of immunotherapy treatments in cancer patients. This complex ecosystem, composed of trillions of microorganisms, plays a critical role in modulating the function of the host immune system.
• Methods: Immunological mechanisms of microbiome influence There is compelling evidence that the diversity and composition of the gut microbiome can influence patients’ response to immunotherapy treatments, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors. This influence is exerted through several key pathways:Modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses: Gut microorganisms enhance the antitumor immune response by stimulating the production of specific cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12). - Production of active immune metabolites: Research has shown that the gut microbiome can have a significant impact on the effectiveness of immunotherapy treatments by producing specific metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), terpenoids, and polyamines.
• Results: Future research should focus on the precise mechanisms of this association and the potential use of probiotics or dietary changes as therapeutic strategies. Key challenges include standardizing microbial intervention methods, better understanding interindividual differences, and developing personalized treatment protocols. With recent advances in omics technologies and microbial engineering, it is hoped that we will see significant advances in this area in the near future.
• Conclusion: Future research should focus on the precise mechanisms of this association and the possibility of using probiotics or dietary changes as therapeutic strategies.
• Keywords: Gut microbiome, immunotherapy, cancer gene, microbial diversity, immune response